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2011 F1 In Schools World Finals underway in Malaysia


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The 2011 F1 In Schools World Finals is currently underway in Malaysia – over 200 students making up 23 teams from 17 countries are competing to be crowned champions in this year’s edition of the annual event. The event, held at the Doubletree by Hilton Hotel in KL, runs from today till Wed.

The competition seeks for a winning team to design, build and manufacture a Formula 1 car of the future. The event involves three days of judging and racing, with every element of the team’s operation carefully scrutinised, including the engineering of the car, a written portfolio about the team, a verbal presentation by the team of their work, and, of course, racing of the car to determine its speed. The teams’ intricate and innovative race car designs have been developed using CAD/CAM software and tested with CFD programmes as well as in wind tunnels.

The goal of the Bernie Ecclestone World Champions trophy, together with Motorsport and Automotive Engineering scholarships to City University London for each team member, is a valuable prize for the winning team.

The initiative is proud and privileged to have the support of the Formula 1 fraternity – category awards and prizes are even provided by each of the Formula 1 teams and suppliers. “As a starting point for F1 in Schools, we’re using the popularity of Formula 1 to engage with students and spark their interest in learning more about engineering,” said Andrew Denford, founder and chairman of F1 in Schools.


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“We’re very fortunate to have the support of the F1 industry and F1 management, which enables us to bring many of the successful students closer to the sport, with visits to Grands Prix and team headquarters, as well as helping students to secure placements and even full time employment with companies involved at the sharp end, from engine suppliers to F1 teams.”

“As an aside to this, we’re finding that students who came into the initiative without any knowledge or interest of Formula 1 are now avid viewers and spectators, with their F1 in Schools experience drawing them into it, and an appreciation of just what it takes to be creating a passion for this global sport,“ he added.

The 23 teams competing at the 2011 F1 in Schools World Finals have won through regional and national finals to represent their country at the event, with collaborations formed from second placed teams at national events, linking students from different countries to compete together.

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Frankfurt: Getrag two-speed DCT gearbox for EV/hybrids

Getrag has premiered its 2eDCT600 two-speed powershift transmission in Frankfurt – the gearbox is dedicated to purely electric vehicles and also for plug-in hybrid and range extender vehicles.

The scalable transmission features a new actuator concept, allowing the power to be transferred via overlapping shifting through the disc clutches from one speed to the other without the need of synchronisation or a dog clutch.

It’s designed for a maximum electric motor input torque of 500 Nm with axially parallel and coaxial drive train assemblies, and can optionally be equipped with a limited slip differential. Additonally, an optional parking brake can be operated electrically.

The company says that in comparison to known single-gear electric drives in hybrid or purely electric vehicles, the two-speed approach offers better starting performance and higher maximum speed.

Also showcased in Frankfurt are the 6HDT451 dual-clutch transmission (a hybrid variation of the Powershift 6DCT451) and accompanying DC500 wet dual-clutch. This one, developed for front transverse installations in middle class and upper middle class segment applications, features an integrated electric machine for high-torque mild-hybrid drivetrains, offering up 450 Nm of torque to be transferred. A seven-speed derivative and park-by-wire option will be available.

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Frankfurt: Ford debuts the 1.0 litre 3-cylinder EcoBoost

Ford has officially unveiled its new 1.0 litre EcoBoost engine, which will be first utilised in the Euro-market Focus in early 2012 followed by the C-MAX in the same year. The all-new B-MAX will be next. The 3-cylinder engine is said to be equivalent to a conventional 1.6 litre engine when it comes to performance. The new engine has improved twin variable camshaft design, direct injection as well as turbocharging.

The turbo is able to reach nearly 250,000 rpm and is said to have virtually zero turbo lag. The exhaust manifold is cast into the cylinder head, which helps lower the temperature of the exhaust gases and this enables the engine to run with the optimum fuel-to-air ratio across a wider rev band. The cooling system is also able to help reduce fuel consumption. Referred to as split cooling, it basically warms up the engine more quickly. Unlike the larger EcoBoost engines, the 1.0 litre unit uses a cast iron block which reduces the amount of energy needed for warm-up by up to 50% compared to aluminium.

Other features include variable air-conditioning compressor, variable oil pump, special coatings for engine components and intricate development of engine geometry which help reduce frictional losses, an all-new camshaft actuator to speed up response times and so on. Furthermore, two main engine drive belts are immersed in oil which makes the engine run quieter and more efficiently, while maintaining the durability of a chain system.

It is also worth mentioning that the engineers deliberately unbalanced the flywheel and pulley to offset the engine configuration. According to Ford, this along with new engine mounts help deliver a more refined performance. This has been proven following a 720,000 km test which also includes 360,000 km of durability trials and 10,000 km of environmental testing.

The 1.0 litre EcoBoost will be available in two forms, including a 99 hp and an 118 hp variant, which also offers 170 Nm of torque between 1,300 – 4,500 rpm. These variants will be offered with a 5-speed manual and a 6-speed manual transmission respectively. Ford did not reveal the engine’s fuel economy figures, but said that it can output less than 120g/km of CO2 emissions. More information will be revealed at a later stage.

The Blue Oval also confirmed that the new engine will be made available in North America, China and in other regions although it did not specify a timeline. Continue reading to view more images of the 1.0 litre EcoBoost.
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Frankfurt: Land Rover reveals the DC100 and DC100 Sport Defender concepts


UPDATE: Live photos have been added to the gallery.

Land Rover has unveiled two Defender concepts at the Frankfurt Motor Show. The first is the DC100 concept which was revealed prior to the motor event and second is the roof-less DC100 Sport concept which was just announced moments ago. According to the famous 4×4 maker, these two concepts will help set the pathway for the future design of the iconic Defender and they both showcase various off-road capabilities.

Both concepts sit on the same lightweight, mixed-alloy platform and feature 2.0 litre gasoline and diesel engines with hybrid and plug-in capabilities. They both run on a permanent four-wheel drive configuration along with an 8-speed transmission.

Other features include an Intelligent Stop/Start system, three-abreast ‘social seating’, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Leisure key which is a waterproof and lightweight alternative to the control fob, built-in induction charging stations as well as the ‘Always-on’ connectivity and telematics feature which allow for car-to-smartphone, car-to-car and car-to-base communication.

As for the 4×4 functions, both concepts have the Terrain-i scanning device which alerts the driver about obstacles while off-roading and it can even suggest alternative routes. There is also something called Wade Aid which uses sonar technology to assess water depth and it can also advise the driver on the optimum speed. Another interesting feature is the spiked tyre system which can be activated by the driver.

There is also Driveline Disconnect which physically disjoints the rear axle to save fuel when the all-wheel drive system is not required and there is also an updated Land Rover Terrain Response system. So what’s the difference between the two concepts? Well the DC100 pretty much showcases the future of Land Rover capability and versatility while the DC100 Sport is an “active expression of freedom and leisure.” Land Rover also took the opportunity to reiterate that the new Defender will be launched in 2015.

Continue reading to view an image gallery.
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Bumper to bumper – Mazda recycles old to make new

Over in Japan, Mazda has begun recycling scrapped bumpers from end-of-life vehicles (ELV) to obtain raw material for use in new vehicle bumpers. The new technology is initially being used to make rear bumpers for the Biante minivan.

Conventionally, bumpers from cars destined for scrapping are processed into automobile shredder residue (ASR) and incinerated to recover heat energy. The new process will yield approximately 10% of material for each new bumper produced. For starters, the company is collecting bumpers from end-of-life Mazda vehicles in the Hiroshima area to obtain the necessary.

With bumpers comprising a large proportion of plastic, collecting and recycling ELV bumpers is expected to make a significant contribution to reducing waste and loss of resources, and the company says that the cost of recycling is less than the cost of purchasing new plastic. A case of ashes to ashes, bumper to bumper, indeed.

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gogopal Q5.0 GPS navigator – a lot of kit for the price

The personal GPS navigation device has certainly come a long way and made great inroads, especially in the last half a decade. These days, prices have become competitive, and you can get a very nicely featured unit for a third of the asking price five years ago. And with plenty to pick from, there’s no shortage of choices if you’re in the market for one.

One such device is the gogopal Q5.0 GPS navigator. We received a unit for evaluation some time back, though admittedly there hasn’t been the chance – or need – to use it much, given the familiarity of the Klang Valley and the usual haunts visited. In any case, we finally put the unit through the paces, so we can now finally report on it.

Full story after the jump.
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Toyota reveals tech for future vehicle safety systems

Some news on the passive safety development front, from Toyota. The Japanese automaker has announced a quartet of future vehicle safety systems, currently under development, which it is looking at introducing into its vehicles. Aimed at protecting older drivers and pedestrians, their development is in response to Japanese road accident statistics that show that more than half of road traffic deaths are of people aged 65 and over, and that pedestrians now account for more fatalities than vehicle occupants.

The first of these is an extension of the Pre-Crash Safety (PCS) system, now with collision-avoidance assist. Currently, the system can predict when a collision is imminent and instigate measures to reduce damage and the risk of injury. The latest development of the technology is designed to help avoid a collision happening altogether. Using the same millimetre-wave radar and miniature camera to monitor the road ahead, it works to help avoid a collision if the driver fails to apply the brakes, and is being further developed to help the driver steer a safe course in an emergency.

Second on the list is what the company calls emergency response technology, which incorporates a new system that can monitor cardio-vascular functions through the driver’s grip on the steering wheel and detect risks. Similar in essence to that being pursued by BMW in its Emergency Stop Assistant under its ConnectedDrive programme as well as Ford’s heart rate monitoring seat, Toyota is planning further research with a view to bringing a system to market.

Next is the adaptive driving beam. The company introduced an automatic high beam function on some of its cars two years ago, which switches the headlights to low beam when a camera detects the tail lights of vehicles ahead or the headlights of oncoming traffic, then restores high beam as soon as the road is clear.

It has now improved this technology with an Adaptive Driving Beam (ADB). This partially shields the high beam light so that it doesn’t shine directly in the face of drivers in vehicles ahead. This means it can prevent glare while maintaining best possible forward illumination of the road, reducing the risk of accidents.

Then there’s the pop-up bonnet, which can reduce the risk of head injury in a pedestrian-related frontal collisions. It automatically raises the rear of the bonnet to increase the space between it and the engine, which means it can be effective even on vehicles where the bonnet is set low, with limited clearance underneath.

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Ford 1.0 litre EcoBoost three-cylinder to be introduced in 105 PS and 120 PS output forms

The idea of a 1.0 litre engine pulling a Ford Fiesta about may not sound very appealing, but throw in the likes of a turbocharger and direct injection with say, 120 PS for numbers and it doesn’t sound quite so boring, does it?

Such a scenario isn’t that far away from reality; the company’s 1.0 litre three-pot EcoBoost looks to be a certain offering on the B-segment hatch in this market, sometime in 2012. It promises much, and much is expected of it.

First seen in the Ford Start concept car that debuted in Beijing in 2010, the engine made its European debut in the Ford B-MAX at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show. Full technical details are set to be announced in Frankfurt in September, so the mill should make its market debut next year.

Ahead of this, we managed to get some idea of how much the engine will offer in terms of output. According to David Filipe, Ford of Europe’s chief engineer of engine programs, the European-designed mill – developed at Ford’s Dunton Technical Centre in the UK – will come in two output variant forms when it makes its market debut.

“We’re coming out with two initial output levels for the engine, which will be 120 PS and 105 PS,” said Filipe, who was in town for the launch of the Mondeo and S-MAX Ecoboost models. His work at Ford has included the design and development of Ford’s in-line Ecoboost programs, including the 1.0, 1.6 and 2.0 litre Ecoboost engines as well as the Diesel Stage V engine programs.

The higher 120 PS output form is identical to the Fiesta’s current 1.6 litre twin independent variable camshaft timing, normally-aspirated lump, so it won’t fall short when it comes to numbers. And it promises to be zestier too, according to Filipe.

“That 1.0 litre is very much more fun to drive, compared to the normally-aspirated 1.6. For one, the torque comes in earlier,” he said. As to the choice of partnering powertrain, Filipe said that while the brand would always try to protect itself to be flexible with options, its prime task is to get the engine going with a twin dry-clutch transmission.

Tech-wise, besides turbocharging (another Borg Warner unit again, presumably), direct-injection and Ti-VCT, the three-cylinder – with a 10.0:1 compression ratio – contains a number of innovative efficiency solutions, among them an offset crankshaft that reduces friction and an advanced, Ford-designed split cooling system that allows the cylinder block to warm up before the cylinder head.

Elsewhere, the 1.0 litre EcoBoost, which will come with a cast iron block, cast aluminium cylinder head and cast aluminium sump, features an exhaust manifold cast into the cylinder head – the one-piece assembly lowers the temperature of the exhaust gases, enabling the engine to run in a wider rpm band with the optimum fuel-to-air ratio. The new design also saves weight and allows the engine to operate more smoothly.

It’s set to be available globally – including the US – in the company’s small cars, and will be deployed in the Fiesta, Focus and C-MAX, among others, when the time comes. It will also be a significant milestone when it is introduced, because Ford has never before built a regular production car with fewer than four-cylinders.

Ford may have come to the table later with turbocharging and DI than its European competitors, so how is it aiming to make up ground? “Some of our competitors have been out there with similar technology bundles, but I think we’ve been more aggressive and clear on our strategy to make it a high volume solution,” Filipe said.

“Some competitors have it as a low volume answer for certain products and applications, but we are taking it all across our engines around the globe, and that’s how we get the cost structure more affordable to our customers,” he added, bridging into the next question, that of deployment costs.

In the initial phase of any new cycle or technology, there’s always the issue of increased cost, and though Ford’s plans are ambitious (it plans to offer the EcoBoost engine in up to 80% of its vehicle nameplates, supporting global sales of 1.5 million EcoBoost-powered vehicles per year in the near future), won’t EcoBoost also bring about added cost to the consumer, at least initially?

“As we add the technology, it will cost a bit more, but we’re adding volume and scale to keep the costs of turbo, DI and variable cam timing as low as we can. The fuel economy will certainly get better (by up to 20%), and if you look at other technologies that deliver the same fuel economy, it’s going to be much more cost-effective than those other technologies, so even if it does cost more to start with, it’ll be very good value as it goes along. It really is the lowest cost solution over the long run,” Filipe stated.

Then there’s always the point of perception, about displacement being everything and that something like a 1.0 litre mill, though turbocharged, isn’t going to cut it on a Fiesta will still ring loud in this region, though thankfully the likes of VW’s offerings of late have helped dispel those archaic beliefs somewhat.

David Westerman, regional manager for Asia-Pacific, Ford Export Operations, says that’s something that the Blue Oval’s marketing people will have to break down. “It’s a challenge, but we’ve got to work on dispelling a lot of stereotypes and customer perception about displacement that a vehicle this size needs an engine of a certain size,” he said.


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Though the three displacement units in the current EcoBoost family (aside from the primarily US-based V6) cover ground well enough in terms of output and spread – 150 PS and 180 PS for the 1.6 litre, 203 PS and 240 PS for the 2.0 litre as well as the 105 PS and 120 PS for the upcoming 1.0 litre – the question surely begs as to whether there are plans to open say a 1.2 or 1.4 litre option to provide an even more comprehensive solution in terms of output tune coverage.

Felipe says that things are being looked at, though nothing as yet has been fixed. “We are studying to see if there are any gaps that are there, for example between 1.0 litre and 1.6, and if there is, to fill them.” Finally, to the point about fuel requirements, he said that the likes of the 2.0 litre (as found on the Mondeo) can run RON 91 as a minimum, with the 203 PS output rating obtained with RON 95; in terms of robustness, a wide variety of fuel quality grades are used on an EcoBoost design during testing, so it’ll handle what we have comfortably.

On a different note, here’s an interesting snippet of info, and Asean-based at that. The company is exploring the possibility of a small seven-seater, essentially something along the lines of the Nissan Grand Livina. “We know that here, the families are larger and the passenger needs are greater, and as such, a seven-passenger carrying ability is an important feature for a platform in this marketplace,” Westerman said in reply to a question whether there were plans to introduce a B/C segment-spanning product in the region.

“We’re certainly looking at applications to bring it to the marketplace, something smaller than an S-MAX and priced competitively,” he added, though no indication was given as to when such a product would be introduced.

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Japan setting out to get its own GPS off the ground

Some GPS-related news. The Japanese government – with the the assistance of private firms – is ramping up research on a Japanese version of the Global Positioning System in a bid to turn satellite-based technologies into a key export, the Nikkei reports.

Plans are afoot to conduct joint reserach and development on this – nine firms and two organisations are slated to participate in a study group to be formed by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry at the end of the month, with an aim to come up with new services in five years, the report says.

The venture will include companies such as NEC and Mitsubishi Electric Corp, which develop satellites or ground facilities, as well as those with a broad range of businesses, including transport systems, logistics and machinery.

Having launched a quasi-zenith positioning satellite last September, the addition of two or three more satellites will enable an around-the-clock service, though specific plans for the second satellite haven’t been drawn up yet. The Japanese satellite system is designed to supplement the GPS currently operated by the US, and is meant to cover the region, including that of Southeast Asia and Australia.

A domestic GPS would yield many benefits beyond just making and launching satellites – with a projection that the overall market will grow from around four trillion yen in 2008 to roughly 10 trillion yen in 2013, a wide range of infrastructure-related fields will stand to grow as well.

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ZF 9HP 9-speed auto transmission – details announced

ZF Friedrichshafen’s 9HP nine-speed automatic transmission, which was first announced earlier this year, now has more specific details about it, though there’s still no mention of when it is expected to debut in a production vehicle.

The unit, which doesn’t replace the 8HP eight-speeder and is meant for passenger cars with front-transverse drive, will be available in two variant forms, covering a torque range between 280 and 480 Nm.

The transmission, which is stop-start capable (with only one friction shift element that needs to be closed for restarting), features four individual gearsets and six shifting elements. A torque converter is used in the 9HP as the standard starting element, with a multi-level torsion damper system minimising hydraulic losses and quick bridging of the torque converter lock-up clutch facilitated at low speeds. In hybrid-based applications, the torque converter is replaced by an electric motor.

ZF says the unit, with its extremely high total spread of 9.84, offers savings of up to 16% compared to today’s standard 6-speed automatic transmissions in front-transverse installations. In ninth gear, only 1,900 rpm is needed to cruise at 120 kph instead of 2,600 in a 6-speed transmission.

With a view in installation in a wide variety of vehicle applications, the 9HP has been prepared as a ‘construction kit’ – for example, an additional transfer case can be connected for all-wheel drive operation. In this case, it can be mated to ZF’s AWD Disconnect all-wheel drive, which can be decoupled – it actuates the rear axle drive only when needed, offering a fuel savings of around 5% compared to permanent all-wheel drive.

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